Arquitectura receptiva para la salud cognitiva La influencia de entornos enriquecidos para el aprendizaje permanente
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Utilizando una metodología de investigación exploratoria, esta investigación busca brindar apoyo a diseñadores y profesionales de la salud en la creación de espacios integrados capaces de contribuir a la salud cognitiva y al aprendizaje continuo a lo largo de la vida de los usuarios. Para lograr este objetivo, se investigó el concepto experimental de enriquecimiento ambiental (EA) a través de una revisión integradora de la literatura, explorando sus aportes neurocientíficos en relación con la influencia significativa que el ambiente físico y sus posibilidades pueden ejercer sobre la estructura del cerebro, dando como resultado cambios biológicos, psicológicos y sociales, especialmente durante el envejecimiento humano. Aunque los estudios relacionados con la EA y la plasticidad cerebral generalmente consideran modelos animales, está claro que la exposición a ambientes enriquecidos puede inducir cambios estructurales beneficiosos en el cerebro, lo que resulta en mejoras en las capacidades cognitivas, como el aprendizaje y la reserva cognitiva. La aplicación práctica de estos conceptos se configura a través de un diagrama de propuestas de diseño, que pueden incorporarse a las construcciones arquitectónicas y urbanas actuales y futuras. Este enfoque está respaldado por investigaciones recientes con modelos humanos realizadas durante los últimos tres años. En los estudios analizados se identifican constantemente efectos capaces de mitigar el estrés crónico, la ansiedad y el deterioro cognitivo. Por lo tanto, considerando el importante potencial que tiene el entorno construido para influir en el comportamiento humano, los enfoques que integran la neurociencia, la arquitectura y el aprendizaje se consideran esenciales para el diseño de espacios alineados con la promoción de la salud cognitiva a lo largo de la vida.
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